About String of Dolphins
String of Dolphins Introduction
String of Dolphins (Senecio peregrinus) is a captivating succulent plant known for its unique leaf shape that resembles tiny leaping dolphins. This charming plant is a hybrid between Senecio articulatus and Senecio rowleyanus, inheriting the best features of both parent plants. Native to South Africa, it has gained popularity worldwide as an ornamental houseplant due to its distinctive appearance and relatively easy care requirements.
The most striking feature of the String of Dolphins is its leaves. Each leaf is curved and pointed, with a shape that uncannily resembles a jumping dolphin. The leaves grow along thin, trailing stems that can reach up to 3 feet in length when mature. The overall effect is a cascading curtain of green dolphins that makes for an eye-catching display, especially when grown in hanging baskets or allowed to trail over the edges of pots.
In addition to its unique foliage, the String of Dolphins plant occasionally produces small, white to pale pink flowers that emit a light cinnamon scent. While the flowers are not as prominent as the foliage, they add an extra layer of interest to this already fascinating plant. The String of Dolphins is also prized for its low-maintenance nature and drought tolerance, making it an excellent choice for both experienced plant enthusiasts and beginners alike.
String of Dolphins Care & Growing Guide
Caring for a String of Dolphins plant is relatively straightforward, but there are some key aspects to keep in mind to ensure its health and promote its unique growth pattern. This succulent thrives in bright, indirect light and prefers well-draining soil, typical of most succulents. Overwatering is one of the main concerns with this plant, so it’s crucial to allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings.
When it comes to watering, the String of Dolphins follows the soak and dry method. Water thoroughly until it runs out of the drainage holes, then wait until the soil is completely dry before watering again. During the growing season (spring and summer), this might mean watering every 2-3 weeks, while in winter, you may only need to water once a month. Always err on the side of underwatering rather than overwatering, as this plant is more tolerant of drought than excess moisture.
Fertilization is not a major requirement for the String of Dolphins, but feeding it with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength during the growing season can promote healthier growth and more vibrant foliage. In terms of temperature, this plant prefers average room temperatures between 70-80Β°F (21-27Β°C) during the day and slightly cooler at night. It can tolerate brief periods of temperatures down to 40Β°F (4Β°C), but prolonged exposure to cold can damage the plant. Providing good air circulation and avoiding drafts will also contribute to the overall health of your String of Dolphins.
Soil
The String of Dolphins thrives in well-draining, porous soil typical of succulent mixes. An ideal soil composition would be a blend of regular potting soil, coarse sand, and perlite or pumice in equal parts. This mixture ensures excellent drainage while retaining enough moisture for the plant’s needs. The preferred pH range is slightly acidic to neutral, around 6.0 to 7.0.
Good drainage is crucial for preventing root rot, a common issue with overwatered succulents. If using a commercial cactus or succulent mix, you can improve drainage by adding extra perlite or coarse sand. Avoid heavy, clay-like soils that retain too much moisture.
Soil problems to watch out for include:
1. Poor drainage: Can lead to root rot and fungal diseases.
2. Compaction: Restricts root growth and water penetration.
3. Inappropriate pH: Can affect nutrient uptake.
4. Salt build-up: Often from hard water or over-fertilization, can damage roots.
5. Nutrient deficiencies: May occur in poor-quality or depleted soil.
6. Root boundness: Can occur if the plant outgrows its pot, restricting growth.
To maintain optimal soil conditions, repot every 2-3 years with fresh soil, and ensure pots have adequate drainage holes.
Fertilizer
String of Dolphins has relatively low fertilizer needs. During the growing season (spring and summer), feed the plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength once a month. Choose a fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 or similar.
In fall and winter, reduce or stop fertilizing as the plant enters a period of slower growth.
Signs of over-fertilization:
– Leaf burn or scorching
– Excessive, leggy growth
– Salt buildup on soil surface
– Wilting despite adequate watering
Signs of under-fertilization:
– Slow or stunted growth
– Pale or yellowing leaves
– Smaller than normal leaves
Organic fertilizer alternatives:
– Compost tea
– Worm castings
– Diluted seaweed extract
Specific nutrient requirements:
– Nitrogen for leaf growth
– Phosphorus for root development
– Potassium for overall plant health
String of Dolphins is particularly sensitive to over-fertilization, so it’s always better to under-fertilize than to apply too much. If using organic fertilizers, apply sparingly as they can be slower-acting but longer-lasting.
Watering
String of Dolphins has moderate watering needs, typical of many succulents. The plant prefers to dry out completely between waterings, following the soak and dry method. During the growing season (spring and summer), water thoroughly when the soil is completely dry, usually every 2-3 weeks. In winter, reduce watering to once a month or less.
Water quality preferences:
– Rainwater or distilled water is ideal
– If using tap water, allow it to sit out overnight to allow chlorine to evaporate
– Avoid softened water due to high salt content
Signs of underwatering:
– Shriveled, wrinkled leaves
– Dry, crispy leaf tips
– Slow or stunted growth
Signs of overwatering:
– Yellowing, translucent leaves
– Soft, mushy stems
– Leaf drop
– Root rot
Watering needs change seasonally:
– Increase frequency in spring and summer during active growth
– Reduce in fall and winter when the plant is semi-dormant
– Adjust based on environmental factors like humidity and temperature
Always water at the soil level to avoid wetting the leaves, which can lead to fungal issues.
Lighting
String of Dolphins thrives in bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct morning sun, but should be protected from harsh afternoon sunlight, which can scorch the leaves. An east-facing window is often ideal, providing gentle morning light and indirect light for the rest of the day.
Signs of insufficient light include elongated stems with widely spaced leaves, loss of the distinctive dolphin shape, and overall lackluster growth. In extreme cases, the plant may become leggy and weak.
Excessive light exposure can cause the leaves to turn yellow or develop brown, scorched patches. The plant may also appear stressed and start to shrivel.
If natural light conditions are suboptimal, you can supplement with grow lights. LED grow lights are energy-efficient and can provide the right spectrum of light for healthy growth. Place the lights about 6-12 inches above the plant and provide 12-14 hours of light per day. Rotate the plant regularly to ensure even growth.
Temperature
String of Dolphins thrives in average room temperatures between 70-80Β°F (21-27Β°C) during the day and slightly cooler at night, around 60-65Β°F (15-18Β°C). It can tolerate brief periods of temperatures as low as 40Β°F (4Β°C), but prolonged exposure to cold can damage the plant.
This succulent is not frost-hardy and should be protected from temperatures below 40Β°F (4Β°C). It’s also sensitive to extreme heat, especially when combined with direct sunlight.
Tips for maintaining ideal temperature:
1. Keep away from cold drafts from windows or air conditioning units.
2. Avoid placing near heat sources like radiators or heating vents.
3. If outdoors, bring inside when temperatures drop below 50Β°F (10Β°C).
4. Provide shade or move to a cooler spot during heatwaves.
5. Use a thermometer to monitor the plant’s environment.
The String of Dolphins can adapt to slight temperature fluctuations, but sudden or extreme changes should be avoided to prevent stress on the plant.
Humidity
String of Dolphins prefers moderate humidity levels, typically between 40-50%. While it can tolerate lower humidity due to its succulent nature, it appreciates some moisture in the air. To increase humidity:
1. Use a pebble tray: Place the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water, ensuring the pot doesn’t sit directly in the water.
2. Group plants: Clustering plants together can create a microclimate with higher humidity.
3. Mist occasionally: Light misting can help, but avoid wetting the leaves too frequently to prevent fungal issues.
4. Use a humidifier: This is the most effective method for consistently increasing humidity.
To decrease humidity, improve air circulation with fans or by opening windows.
Symptoms of low humidity stress:
– Dry, crispy leaf edges
– Slower growth
– Increased susceptibility to pests
Symptoms of high humidity stress:
– Fungal growth on leaves or soil
– Soft, mushy stems
– Increased risk of root rot
For String of Dolphins, pebble trays and grouping plants are often sufficient and less risky than frequent misting, which can lead to overwatering if not done carefully.
Propagation
String of Dolphins can be propagated through stem cuttings or leaf propagation. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Stem Cutting Propagation:
1. Choose a healthy stem with several leaves.
2. Cut a 4-6 inch section using clean, sharp scissors.
3. Remove leaves from the bottom 2 inches of the stem.
4. Allow the cut end to callous over for 1-2 days.
5. Prepare a well-draining potting mix.
6. Insert the calloused end into the soil.
7. Water lightly and place in bright, indirect light.
8. Keep soil slightly moist until roots develop (2-3 weeks).
9. Once established, treat as a mature plant.
Leaf Propagation:
1. Gently twist off a healthy leaf, ensuring a clean break from the stem.
2. Allow the leaf to callous for 1-2 days.
3. Place the leaf on top of well-draining soil.
4. Mist the soil lightly to keep it slightly damp.
5. Place in bright, indirect light.
6. Roots and tiny plants will form at the base of the leaf in 2-3 weeks.
7. Once the new plant is about 1 inch tall, transplant to its own pot.
Stem cutting propagation generally has a higher success rate and produces larger plants more quickly. The best time to propagate is during the active growing season (spring to early summer). New plants typically take 4-6 weeks to establish and begin showing new growth.
Potting
String of Dolphins thrives in pots with excellent drainage. Choose a container with drainage holes and a width of 1-2 inches larger than the current pot. Terra cotta pots are ideal as they allow excess moisture to evaporate.
Soil composition:
– 1 part regular potting soil
– 1 part coarse sand or perlite
– 1 part peat moss or coco coir
Repotting frequency:
– Young plants: Annually
– Mature plants: Every 2-3 years or when rootbound
Signs that repotting is needed:
– Roots growing out of drainage holes
– Water running straight through the pot
– Slowed growth or nutrient deficiencies
– Plant becoming top-heavy or unstable
Repotting process:
1. Water the plant a day before repotting to reduce stress.
2. Gently remove the plant from its current pot.
3. Shake off excess soil and inspect roots, trimming any dead or rotted sections.
4. Place fresh soil in the new pot.
5. Position the plant in the center, at the same depth as before.
6. Fill in with soil, gently tamping down to remove air pockets.
7. Water lightly and place in a bright, indirect location.
8. Avoid fertilizing for a month to allow the plant to adjust.
Minimize handling of the delicate stems during repotting to prevent damage. After repotting, monitor the plant closely and adjust care as needed to help it acclimate to its new container.
Pruning
Pruning String of Dolphins is beneficial for maintaining its shape, promoting bushier growth, and removing any dead or damaged parts. Here’s a detailed guide:
Best Time for Pruning
Spring or early summer, during the active growing season.
Frequency
As needed, typically 1-2 times per year.
Purpose
- Control size and shape
- Remove dead or damaged stems
- Promote bushier growth
- Propagate new plants
Tools Needed
- Clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears
- Rubbing alcohol for sterilization
Step-by-Step Guide
- Sterilize your pruning tools with rubbing alcohol.
- Identify stems that are overly long, damaged, or dead.
- Cut stems just above a leaf node at a 45-degree angle.
- For shaping, trim longer stems to your desired length.
- To encourage bushier growth, pinch off the tips of stems.
- Remove any yellowed or damaged leaves.
- Collect healthy cuttings for propagation if desired.
Aftercare
After pruning, reduce watering slightly until new growth appears. Place the plant in bright, indirect light and resume normal care after a week.
Special Considerations
Avoid pruning more than 1/3 of the plant at once to prevent stress. If propagating, allow cut ends to callous before planting. Always use clean tools to prevent the spread of disease.
Blooming
The String of Dolphins typically blooms in late spring to early summer. The blooming period can last for several weeks, with small, white to pale pink flowers appearing in clusters. Optimal conditions for blooming include bright, indirect light and proper watering. The flowers are small, daisy-like, and emit a light cinnamon fragrance. While not as showy as the foliage, the blooms add a delicate charm to the plant.
Pests and Diseases
Pests
Common issues
Mealybugs
Spider mites
Aphids
Symptoms
Mealybugs: White, cottony masses on stems and leaves
Spider mites: Fine webbing, stippled leaves
Aphids: Clusters of small insects, sticky residue
Treatment
Isolate infected plants
Remove pests manually with cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol
Spray with neem oil or insecticidal soap
For severe infestations, use systemic insecticide
Diseases
Common issues
Root rot
Fungal leaf spot
Powdery mildew
Symptoms
Root rot: Soft, mushy stems, yellowing leaves
Fungal leaf spot: Brown or black spots on leaves
Powdery mildew: White, powdery coating on leaves
Treatment
Root rot: Remove affected parts, repot in fresh, dry soil
Fungal leaf spot: Remove affected leaves, improve air circulation
Powdery mildew: Increase air flow, apply fungicide if severe
For all: Adjust watering practices, ensure proper drainage
Special Features
String of Dolphins is prized for its unique leaf shape that resembles tiny jumping dolphins. This charming succulent is perfect for hanging baskets or trailing over the edges of pots, creating a cascading effect. Its compact size and low maintenance requirements make it an excellent choice for small spaces or offices. While not primarily grown for its flowers, it occasionally produces small, lightly fragrant blooms that add to its appeal.
Plant Benefits
While String of Dolphins is primarily grown for ornamental purposes, it shares some general benefits common to many houseplants. It can help improve indoor air quality by absorbing carbon dioxide and releasing oxygen. The plant’s unique appearance can also have a positive impact on mental well-being, reducing stress and enhancing mood. However, it’s important to note that this plant is toxic if ingested, so it should be kept out of reach of children and pets.
Additional Information
String of Dolphins is a hybrid plant, created by crossing Senecio articulatus and Senecio rowleyanus (String of Pearls). It combines the trailing habit of String of Pearls with the unique leaf shape inherited from Senecio articulatus. This plant is relatively new to the horticultural world, having been developed in the early 2000s.
Life Cycle
String of Dolphins is a perennial succulent that can live for several years with proper care. Its growth cycle is most active during spring and summer, with a period of semi-dormancy in winter. The plant starts as a small cutting or seedling, developing its characteristic dolphin-shaped leaves as it matures. It can reach its full trailing length of up to 3 feet in about 2-3 years. While it can flower, blooming is not guaranteed and depends on optimal growing conditions. With age, the lower leaves may naturally die off, and the plant can be rejuvenated through pruning and propagation.
Are String of Dolphins Poisonous, Toxic
String of Dolphins is toxic to cats, dogs, and children if ingested. All parts of the plant contain toxic compounds, with the leaves being the most concentrated. Symptoms of toxicity include gastrointestinal upset, vomiting, diarrhea, and in severe cases, tremors or seizures. The severity can range from mild to moderate, depending on the amount ingested. If ingestion is suspected, remove any remaining plant material from the mouth and seek immediate veterinary or medical attention. To prevent toxicity, keep the plant out of reach of pets and children, and consider using hanging baskets or high shelves for display.
Frequently Asked Questions
How often should I water my String of Dolphins?
Water your String of Dolphins when the soil is completely dry, typically every 2-3 weeks during the growing season and less frequently in winter.
Is String of Dolphins toxic to pets?
Yes, String of Dolphins is toxic to cats and dogs if ingested. Keep it out of reach of pets.
How much light does a String of Dolphins need?
String of Dolphins thrives in bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct morning sun but should be protected from harsh afternoon sunlight.
How do I propagate String of Dolphins?
String of Dolphins can be propagated through stem cuttings. Cut a healthy stem, let it callous for a day or two, then plant it in well-draining soil.
Why are my String of Dolphins leaves turning yellow?
Yellowing leaves can be a sign of overwatering, poor drainage, or too much direct sunlight. Adjust your care routine accordingly.
How often should I fertilize my String of Dolphins?
Fertilize your String of Dolphins once a month during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength.
Does String of Dolphins flower?
Yes, String of Dolphins can produce small, white to pale pink flowers, typically in late spring or early summer. However, flowering is not guaranteed and depends on optimal growing conditions.
How big does a String of Dolphins plant get?
String of Dolphins can grow trailing stems up to 3 feet long when mature, making it ideal for hanging baskets or trailing over the edges of pots.
What type of soil is best for String of Dolphins?
String of Dolphins prefers well-draining soil. A mix of regular potting soil, coarse sand, and perlite in equal parts works well.
How often should I repot my String of Dolphins?
Repot your String of Dolphins every 2-3 years or when it becomes rootbound. Choose a pot only slightly larger than the current one to prevent overwatering issues.
Can I grow String of Dolphins indoors
Difficulty
Easy
Size
Medium
Light
Medium
Water
Low
Flowering
Yes
Pet Safe
No
Air Purifier
Low
Senecio peregrinus botanical details
Common Name
String of Dolphins
Other Common Names
Dolphin Plant, Flying Dolphins, Dolphin Necklace
Botanical Name
Senecio peregrinus
Native Area
South Africa
Family Name
Asteraceae
Plant Type
Succulent
Genus
Senecio
Kingdom
Plantae
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Is there anything else you can tell me?
Why did the String of Dolphins plant refuse to swim? Because it was afraid of getting too watered down!