About Flaming Katy
Flaming Katy Introduction
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, commonly known as Flaming Katy or Christmas Kalanchoe, is a popular succulent houseplant native to Madagascar. This vibrant plant is prized for its long-lasting, colorful blooms and attractive, fleshy leaves. Kalanchoe blossfeldiana typically grows as a compact, bushy plant, reaching heights of 8-12 inches (20-30 cm).
The Flaming Katy is characterized by its thick, dark green, scalloped leaves that grow in opposite pairs along the stems. These leaves are waxy and glossy, which helps the plant retain water and gives it a lush appearance. The most striking feature of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is its clusters of small, four-petaled flowers that bloom in a variety of colors, including red, pink, orange, yellow, and white.
In its natural habitat, Kalanchoe blossfeldiana grows as an epiphyte on tree branches or in rock crevices. It has adapted to survive in arid conditions, storing water in its succulent leaves and stems. This adaptation makes it an excellent choice for indoor cultivation, as it can tolerate periods of neglect and dry conditions. The plant’s ability to bloom for extended periods, often up to several weeks, has made it a popular gift plant, especially during the holiday season.
Flaming Katy Care & Growing Guide
Caring for Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, or Flaming Katy, is relatively straightforward, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts. This succulent thrives in bright, indirect light and prefers well-draining soil. To ensure the best growth and blooming, it’s essential to provide the right balance of light, water, and nutrients.
Watering is a crucial aspect of Kalanchoe care. As a succulent, Flaming Katy is drought-tolerant and prefers to dry out between waterings. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so it’s better to err on the side of underwatering. During the growing season (spring and summer), water the plant thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry. In winter, reduce watering frequency to allow the plant to enter a semi-dormant state.
Fertilization and pruning are also important for maintaining a healthy Kalanchoe. Feed the plant with a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer diluted to half strength every two to four weeks during the growing season. After the blooming period, prune back the spent flower stalks to encourage bushier growth and future flowering. Regular removal of dead or yellowing leaves will help maintain the plant’s appearance and overall health.
Soil
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana thrives in well-draining, slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. A mixture of regular potting soil with added perlite or coarse sand (about 2:1 ratio) provides excellent drainage and aeration for optimal growth. This succulent prefers soil that dries quickly between waterings to prevent root rot.
Soil problems to watch for include:
1. Poor drainage: Can lead to root rot and fungal diseases.
2. Compaction: Restricts root growth and water penetration.
3. Inappropriate pH: Can affect nutrient uptake.
4. Salt build-up: Caused by over-fertilization or hard water.
5. Nutrient deficiencies: May occur in poor-quality soils.
6. Root boundness: Can occur if the plant outgrows its pot.
To improve soil quality, consider adding organic matter like compost or well-rotted manure. This helps with water retention while still maintaining good drainage. Regularly check the soil’s moisture level and adjust watering accordingly to maintain the plant’s health.
Fertilizer
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana benefits from regular fertilization during its active growing season (spring and summer). Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10 or 20-20-20) diluted to half strength every 2-4 weeks.
Recommended mixture: Dissolve 1/4 teaspoon of fertilizer in 1 gallon of water.
Fertilizing schedule:
– Spring to Fall: Every 2-4 weeks
– Winter: Reduce or stop fertilizing
Signs of over-fertilization:
– White crust on soil surface
– Leaf burn or browning edges
– Stunted growth
Signs of under-fertilization:
– Pale or yellowing leaves
– Slow growth
– Reduced flowering
Organic alternatives:
– Compost tea
– Diluted seaweed extract
– Worm castings
Kalanchoe is particularly sensitive to phosphorus deficiency, which can result in purplish leaves. If this occurs, use a fertilizer with a higher middle number (e.g., 5-10-5) for a few applications.
Watering
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana prefers to dry out between waterings. Water thoroughly when the top inch of soil feels dry, allowing excess water to drain. During active growth (spring and summer), this may be every 7-10 days, while in winter, reduce watering to every 2-3 weeks.
The plant prefers room temperature water. Tap water is generally fine, but if your water is very hard, consider using filtered or rainwater to prevent mineral build-up in the soil.
Signs of underwatering:
– Drooping or wrinkled leaves
– Slow growth
– Dry, crispy leaf edges
Signs of overwatering:
– Yellowing leaves
– Soft, mushy stems
– Fungal growth on soil surface
Adjust watering based on environmental conditions and growth stage. During flowering, the plant may require slightly more water. Always ensure good drainage to prevent water-logging.
Lighting
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana thrives in bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct morning sun but should be protected from harsh afternoon sunlight. Ideal locations include east or west-facing windows. In low light conditions, the plant may become leggy and produce fewer flowers.
Signs of insufficient light:
– Elongated, spindly growth
– Pale or yellowing leaves
– Reduced flowering
Signs of excessive light:
– Scorched or brown leaf edges
– Faded or bleached appearance
– Wilting despite adequate watering
If natural light is insufficient, supplement with grow lights. For overly bright conditions, use sheer curtains or move the plant further from the window to provide some shade.
Temperature
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana prefers temperatures between 60Β°F to 85Β°F (15Β°C to 29Β°C). It can tolerate brief periods outside this range but prolonged exposure to extreme temperatures can damage the plant.
Ideal daytime temperature: 70Β°F to 80Β°F (21Β°C to 27Β°C)
Ideal nighttime temperature: 60Β°F to 65Β°F (15Β°C to 18Β°C)
The plant can survive short periods down to 40Β°F (4Β°C) but may suffer damage. Temperatures above 90Β°F (32Β°C) can cause stress and wilting.
Tips:
1. Avoid placing near drafty windows or heating/cooling vents.
2. Protect from cold windows in winter.
3. If outdoors, bring inside when temperatures drop below 50Β°F (10Β°C).
4. In hot weather, increase watering frequency and provide shade.
5. Maintain a 10Β°F difference between day and night temperatures to encourage blooming.
Humidity
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is well-adapted to average indoor humidity levels and doesn’t require high humidity. It can tolerate humidity levels between 40-60%. However, extremely low humidity (below 30%) can cause stress to the plant.
Symptoms of low humidity stress:
– Dry, crispy leaf edges
– Flower buds dropping before opening
– Slower growth
Symptoms of high humidity stress (rare):
– Fungal growth on leaves or soil surface
– Soft, mushy growth
To increase humidity:
1. Use a pebble tray filled with water (most effective)
2. Group plants together
3. Use a room humidifier (if needed)
To decrease humidity:
1. Improve air circulation with a fan
2. Avoid misting the plant
3. Ensure proper spacing between plants
Misting is not recommended for Kalanchoe as it can lead to fungal issues on the leaves.
Propagation
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana can be propagated through stem cuttings or leaf cuttings. Here’s a step-by-step guide:
Stem Cutting Propagation:
1. Choose a healthy stem with 2-3 leaf pairs.
2. Cut the stem just below a leaf node using clean, sharp scissors.
3. Remove the lower leaves, leaving 1-2 pairs at the top.
4. Allow the cutting to dry for 24 hours to form a callus.
5. Prepare a well-draining potting mix (2 parts potting soil, 1 part perlite).
6. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone (optional).
7. Plant the cutting in the prepared soil.
8. Water lightly and place in bright, indirect light.
9. Keep soil slightly moist but not waterlogged.
10. Roots should develop in 3-4 weeks.
Leaf Cutting Propagation:
1. Select a healthy, mature leaf.
2. Gently twist the leaf off the stem, ensuring you get the base of the leaf.
3. Allow the leaf to dry for 24-48 hours.
4. Place the leaf on top of well-draining soil, or insert the base slightly into the soil.
5. Mist the soil lightly to keep it barely moist.
6. Place in bright, indirect light.
7. Small plantlets will form at the base of the leaf in 2-3 weeks.
8. Once plantlets have several leaves, carefully separate and pot individually.
Best time to propagate: Spring or early summer
Establishment time: 4-8 weeks
Stem cuttings generally have a higher success rate and grow faster than leaf cuttings for Kalanchoe blossfeldiana.
Potting
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana prefers slightly cramped conditions, so choose a pot only 1-2 inches larger than the current root ball when repotting. Use a pot with drainage holes to prevent water-logging.
Pot type: Terracotta or ceramic pots are ideal as they allow soil to dry out between waterings.
Drainage: Essential to prevent root rot. Add a layer of gravel or broken pottery shards at the bottom of the pot.
Soil composition: Use a well-draining potting mix. Combine 2 parts regular potting soil with 1 part perlite or coarse sand.
Repotting frequency: Every 2-3 years or when the plant becomes root-bound.
Signs that indicate repotting is needed:
1. Roots growing out of drainage holes
2. Plant drying out quickly despite regular watering
3. Stunted growth
4. Pot feels light when lifted
Repotting process:
1. Water the plant a day before repotting to reduce stress.
2. Gently remove the plant from its current pot.
3. Inspect roots and trim any that are dead or rotting.
4. Place fresh potting mix in the new pot.
5. Position the plant in the new pot at the same depth as before.
6. Fill around the roots with fresh potting mix.
7. Water thoroughly and place in a bright, indirect light location.
8. Avoid fertilizing for about a month to allow the plant to adjust.
Pruning
Pruning Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Best Time for Pruning
Prune Kalanchoe blossfeldiana after flowering, typically in late winter or early spring. Light pruning can be done year-round to maintain shape.
Frequency
Major pruning once a year after flowering. Light pruning and deadheading as needed throughout the growing season.
Purpose
- Encourage bushier growth
- Remove spent flowers
- Control size and shape
- Improve air circulation
- Remove diseased or damaged parts
Tools Needed
- Clean, sharp pruning shears or scissors
- Rubbing alcohol for sterilizing tools
Step-by-Step Pruning Guide
- Sterilize pruning tools with rubbing alcohol.
- Remove any dead, damaged, or diseased leaves and stems.
- Cut off spent flower stalks at the base.
- Trim back leggy stems to encourage bushier growth.
- Pinch off growing tips to promote branching.
- Shape the plant by selectively pruning longer stems.
- Remove any crossing or rubbing branches.
Aftercare
After pruning, reduce watering slightly and place the plant in bright, indirect light. Resume normal care after new growth appears.
Special Considerations
Wear gloves when pruning to protect against the plant’s mildly toxic sap. Avoid heavy pruning during the plant’s blooming period.
Blooming
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana typically blooms in late fall through winter, with flowers lasting for several weeks. The plant can be induced to bloom at other times of the year by manipulating light exposure. Flowers are small, four-petaled, and grow in clusters atop sturdy stems. Colors range from vibrant reds and pinks to oranges, yellows, and whites. Optimal blooming occurs when the plant receives 14-16 hours of complete darkness daily for about six weeks.
Pests and Diseases
Pests
Common issues
Mealybugs
Aphids
Spider mites
Symptoms
White, cottony masses on leaves and stems
Clusters of small green or black insects on new growth
Fine webbing on leaves, stippling on leaf surfaces
Treatment
Isolate plant, remove visible bugs with alcohol-dipped cotton swab, spray with neem oil
Spray with strong water jet, apply insecticidal soap or neem oil
Increase humidity, spray leaves with water, apply neem oil or miticide
Diseases
Common issues
Root rot
Powdery mildew
Leaf spot
Symptoms
Wilting despite moist soil, yellowing leaves, soft, brown roots
White, powdery coating on leaves
Brown or black spots on leaves
Treatment
Remove affected parts, repot in fresh, well-draining soil, reduce watering
Improve air circulation, apply fungicide, remove severely affected leaves
Remove affected leaves, avoid overhead watering, apply copper-based fungicide
Special Features
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is known for its long-lasting, vibrant flowers that bloom in a variety of colors. The plant has thick, succulent leaves that store water, making it drought-tolerant. It’s also valued for its air-purifying qualities, helping to remove indoor air pollutants. The Flaming Katy is often given as a gift plant, especially during the holiday season, due to its cheerful appearance and relatively easy care requirements.
Plant Benefits
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana has been used in traditional medicine for its anti-inflammatory and pain-relieving properties. Some studies suggest it may have potential anticancer and immunomodulatory effects. However, it’s important to note that the plant is toxic if ingested and should not be used for medicinal purposes without professional guidance.
Additional Information
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is often used in feng shui and is believed to bring prosperity and good luck. The plant is also known for its ability to bloom during short day lengths, making it a popular choice for winter color in many homes and offices.
Life Cycle
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is a perennial succulent that typically flowers in winter. It has a relatively slow growth rate and can live for several years with proper care. The plant goes through cycles of active growth, flowering, and semi-dormancy. After flowering, it enters a rest period before beginning new growth. With proper light manipulation, it can be induced to bloom at different times of the year.
Are Flaming Katy Poisonous, Toxic
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana is toxic to cats, dogs, and humans if ingested. All parts of the plant contain bufadienolides, cardiac glycosides that can cause gastrointestinal upset and, in severe cases, cardiac arrhythmias. Symptoms of toxicity include vomiting, diarrhea, and in rare cases, abnormal heart rhythm. The severity can range from mild to moderate, depending on the amount ingested. If ingestion is suspected, contact a veterinarian or poison control center immediately. To prevent toxicity, keep the plant out of reach of pets and children, and consider alternative non-toxic plants if you have curious pets or young children.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
How often should I water my Kalanchoe?
- Water your Kalanchoe when the top inch of soil feels dry. This is typically every 7-10 days during the growing season and less frequently in winter.
-
Is Kalanchoe toxic to pets?
- Yes, Kalanchoe is toxic to cats, dogs, and other pets if ingested. Keep the plant out of reach of animals.
-
How can I make my Kalanchoe bloom again?
- To encourage reblooming, provide 14-16 hours of complete darkness daily for about six weeks. This mimics short winter days and triggers flowering.
-
What type of soil does Kalanchoe need?
- Kalanchoe needs well-draining soil. A mixture of regular potting soil with added perlite or coarse sand in a 2:1 ratio works well.
-
How much light does a Kalanchoe need?
- Kalanchoe thrives in bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct morning sun but should be protected from harsh afternoon sunlight.
-
How do I propagate Kalanchoe?
- Kalanchoe can be propagated through stem or leaf cuttings. Allow cuttings to callus for 24 hours before planting in well-draining soil.
-
When should I repot my Kalanchoe?
- Repot Kalanchoe every 2-3 years or when it becomes root-bound. Choose a pot only 1-2 inches larger than the current one.
-
How do I prune my Kalanchoe?
- Prune Kalanchoe after flowering to encourage bushier growth. Remove spent flower stalks and trim back leggy stems.
-
What are common pests that affect Kalanchoe?
- Common pests include mealybugs, aphids, and spider mites. Regularly inspect your plant and treat with neem oil or insecticidal soap if pests are detected.
-
Can Kalanchoe be grown outdoors?
- Kalanchoe can be grown outdoors in USDA zones 10-12. In colder regions, it’s best grown as an indoor plant or moved indoors when temperatures drop below 50Β°F (10Β°C).
Can I grow Flaming Katy indoors
Difficulty
Easy
Size
Small
Light
Medium
Water
Low
Flowering
Yes
Pet Safe
No
Air Purifier
Medium
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana botanical details
Common Name
Flaming Katy
Other Common Names
Christmas Kalanchoe, Florist Kalanchoe
Botanical Name
Kalanchoe blossfeldiana
Native Area
Madagascar
Family Name
Crassulaceae
Plant Type
Succulent perennial
Genus
Kalanchoe
Kingdom
Plantae
- Perky Plant fertilizer: https://amzn.to/3RdLA00
- Seaweed extract: https://amzn.to/3z2CsFh
- Rooting hormone: https://amzn.to/3bIXi0t
- Espoma fertilizer: https://amzn.to/3vPa9bs
- Worm compost: https://amzn.to/3HVL01u
- Full-spectrum Light Bulb-Large: https://amzn.to/3yR6VBu
- Full-spectrum Lighting: https://amzn.to/3qhhaiv
- Light meter: https://amzn.to/4dpmp3s
- Moisture meter: https://amzn.to/3TEUu5N
- Hygrometer: https://amzn.to/3Cf6h2F
- Pruning shears: https://amzn.to/3X6oOcg
- ProMix Potting Soil: https://amzn.to/3iVIrjE
- My Organic Green Gourmet Houseplant Fertilizer: healthyhouseplants.storenvy.com
- My Perfect Pumice: Healthy Houseplants Store
- My Organic Green Gourmet Houseplant Fertilizer: Healthy Houseplants Store
As an Amazon Associate, I earn commission from qualifying purchases.
Is there anything else you can tell me?
Why did the Kalanchoe go to therapy? It had too many issues with its roots!