About Peace Lily
Peace Lily Introduction
The Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum) is a popular indoor plant known for its elegant white flowers and lush, dark green foliage. Native to the tropical regions of the Americas and southeastern Asia, this evergreen perennial has become a favorite among houseplant enthusiasts worldwide due to its air-purifying qualities and relatively low maintenance requirements.
Peace Lilies are characterized by their large, glossy leaves that grow in clumps from the soil. The most striking feature of this plant is its distinctive flower, which is not actually a flower but a modified leaf called a spathe. This white, hood-like structure surrounds a central spike called a spadix, which contains the plant’s tiny true flowers. These flowers typically appear in spring and can last for weeks or even months.
Beyond its aesthetic appeal, the Peace Lily has gained recognition for its ability to filter indoor air pollutants, making it an excellent choice for improving air quality in homes and offices. It’s particularly effective at removing common household toxins such as benzene, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene. This air-purifying capability, combined with its adaptability to low-light conditions, has made the Peace Lily a staple in interior landscaping and home decor.
Peace Lily Care & Growing Guide
Caring for a Peace Lily (Spathiphyllum) is relatively straightforward, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced plant enthusiasts. These resilient plants are known for their ability to thrive in various indoor environments, but they do have some specific care requirements to ensure optimal health and growth.
First and foremost, Peace Lilies prefer consistent moisture but are sensitive to overwatering. The key is to allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. When you do water, do so thoroughly until water drains from the bottom of the pot. These plants are quite expressive when they need water, dramatically drooping their leaves. However, it’s best not to wait until this point, as repeated wilting can stress the plant. In terms of light, Peace Lilies are adaptable but prefer bright, indirect light. They can tolerate lower light conditions, but this may result in slower growth and fewer flowers.
Peace Lilies appreciate high humidity, which can be achieved through regular misting, placing the pot on a pebble tray filled with water, or using a room humidifier. They thrive in temperatures between 65-80Β°F (18-27Β°C) and should be kept away from cold drafts. Fertilize your Peace Lily every 6-8 weeks during the growing season with a balanced, water-soluble houseplant fertilizer diluted to half strength. Regular cleaning of the leaves with a damp cloth will keep them looking glossy and help the plant photosynthesize more efficiently. With proper care, your Peace Lily can be a long-lasting, beautiful addition to your indoor space, providing lush greenery and periodic elegant blooms.
Soil
Peace Lilies prefer a well-draining, rich potting mix with a pH range of 5.8 to 6.5, which is slightly acidic. An ideal soil composition would be a mixture of peat moss, perlite, and regular potting soil in equal parts. This combination provides good moisture retention while ensuring adequate drainage, which is crucial for preventing root rot.
The soil should be loose and airy to allow for proper root growth and oxygen circulation. Adding organic matter such as compost can improve soil structure and provide nutrients. Peace Lilies are sensitive to fluoride and other chemicals often found in tap water, so using distilled or rainwater can help maintain the proper soil pH and prevent leaf tip browning.
Soil problems to watch out for include:
1. Poor drainage: Can lead to root rot. Ensure pots have drainage holes and use a well-draining soil mix.
2. Compaction: Over time, soil can become compacted, reducing aeration. Gently loosen the top layer periodically.
3. Inappropriate pH: If the soil is too alkaline, it can lead to nutrient deficiencies. Use a pH meter to monitor soil acidity.
4. Salt build-up: Excessive fertilizer can cause salt accumulation. Flush the soil thoroughly with water every few months.
5. Nutrient deficiencies: Yellowing leaves may indicate a lack of nutrients. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer.
6. Root boundness: If roots are circling the bottom of the pot, it’s time to repot into a larger container with fresh soil.
Fertilizer
Peace Lilies have moderate fertilizer needs. During the growing season (spring and summer), fertilize every 6-8 weeks with a balanced, water-soluble houseplant fertilizer diluted to half the recommended strength.
Recommended fertilizer mixture:
– Use a balanced 20-20-20 or 10-10-10 NPK (Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium) ratio.
– Dilute to half strength to prevent over-fertilization.
– Alternatively, use a fertilizer specifically formulated for flowering houseplants.
Fertilizing schedule:
– Spring and Summer: Every 6-8 weeks
– Fall and Winter: Reduce to once every 3-4 months or stop completely
Signs of over-fertilization:
– Brown or burned leaf tips
– Wilting despite adequate watering
– White crust on soil surface
– Stunted growth
Signs of under-fertilization:
– Pale or yellowing leaves (especially older leaves)
– Slow growth
– Reduced flowering
– Smaller new leaves
Organic fertilizer alternatives:
– Compost tea
– Diluted fish emulsion
– Worm castings
Specific nutrient requirements:
– Peace Lilies are particularly sensitive to fluoride, which can cause brown leaf tips. Use distilled or rainwater if possible.
– They benefit from occasional doses of magnesium, which can be provided by dissolving 1 teaspoon of Epsom salts in 1 gallon of water and using this solution for watering once a month.
Common nutrient deficiencies:
– Nitrogen deficiency: Yellowing of older leaves
– Magnesium deficiency: Yellowing between leaf veins
– Iron deficiency: Yellowing of new leaves while veins remain green
Remember, it’s generally better to under-fertilize than over-fertilize Peace Lilies. Always water the plant before applying fertilizer to prevent root burn, and if in doubt, err on the side of caution with a more diluted solution.
Watering
Peace Lilies prefer consistently moist soil but are sensitive to overwatering. The key is to allow the top inch of soil to dry out between waterings. When you water, do so thoroughly until water drains from the bottom of the pot, then empty the saucer to prevent the plant from sitting in water.
These plants are quite expressive when they need water, dramatically drooping their leaves. However, it’s best not to wait until this point, as repeated wilting can stress the plant. A good rule of thumb is to water when the top of the soil feels dry to the touch.
Peace Lilies prefer room temperature water and are sensitive to chemicals often found in tap water. If possible, use distilled water, rainwater, or let tap water sit out overnight before using it to water your plant. This allows chlorine and fluoride to dissipate.
Signs of underwatering include:
– Drooping or wilting leaves
– Dry, crispy leaf edges
– Slow growth
Signs of overwatering include:
– Yellowing leaves, especially lower ones
– Soft, mushy stems near the base
– Mold on the soil surface
– Foul odor from the soil
Watering needs may change seasonally. During the growing season (spring and summer), Peace Lilies typically need more frequent watering. In fall and winter, when growth slows, reduce watering frequency but don’t allow the soil to dry out completely.
Always check the soil moisture before watering, regardless of the season or schedule. Factors like humidity, temperature, and light can affect how quickly the soil dries out.
Lighting
Peace Lilies thrive in bright, indirect light but can tolerate low light conditions. They are often recommended for areas with little natural light, making them popular office plants. However, for optimal growth and flowering, they prefer filtered sunlight or partial shade.
In their natural habitat, Peace Lilies grow under the canopy of larger trees, receiving dappled sunlight. To replicate this indoors, place them near a north or east-facing window where they’ll receive gentle morning sun and bright, indirect light throughout the day. They can also do well a few feet away from a south or west-facing window, provided they’re protected from direct sunlight by a sheer curtain.
Signs of insufficient light include:
– Slow growth or no growth
– Smaller leaves
– Reduced or no flowering
– Yellowing of lower leaves
Signs of excessive light exposure include:
– Yellowing or browning of leaves, especially at the tips and edges
– Wilting or drooping, even when well-watered
– Scorched or bleached patches on leaves
If natural light conditions are suboptimal, you can supplement with artificial grow lights. Fluorescent or LED grow lights can be effective and should be positioned about 6-12 inches above the plant for 12-16 hours a day. Remember to rotate the plant regularly to ensure even growth and prevent it from leaning towards the light source.
Temperature
Peace Lilies thrive in temperatures between 65-80Β°F (18-27Β°C), which aligns well with average room temperatures in most homes. They can tolerate brief periods outside this range but prefer consistent temperatures.
Ideal temperature range:
– Daytime: 70-80Β°F (21-27Β°C)
– Nighttime: 65-70Β°F (18-21Β°C)
Peace Lilies are sensitive to cold drafts and sudden temperature fluctuations. Keep them away from air conditioning vents, drafty windows, and exterior doors. They can tolerate slightly higher temperatures but may require more frequent watering and higher humidity in warmer conditions.
Temperature tolerance:
– Minimum: 45Β°F (7Β°C) – brief exposure only
– Maximum: 90Β°F (32Β°C) – with increased humidity and water
To protect Peace Lilies from extreme temperatures:
1. Move plants away from cold windows in winter.
2. Use insulating curtains on windows during cold nights.
3. Avoid placing near heating vents or radiators.
4. In summer, move to a cooler spot if temperatures consistently exceed 80Β°F (27Β°C).
5. When transporting, protect from temperature extremes by wrapping in paper or cloth.
Signs of cold stress:
– Drooping leaves
– Blackened or transparent patches on leaves
– Slow growth or dormancy
Signs of heat stress:
– Wilting despite adequate watering
– Scorched leaf edges
– Increased water needs
Maintaining a stable temperature within the ideal range will help ensure your Peace Lily remains healthy and vibrant year-round.
Humidity
Peace Lilies thrive in high humidity environments, preferring levels between 50% to 70%. This preference reflects their tropical origins, where they naturally grow in humid, warm conditions.
To increase humidity:
1. Misting: Regularly mist the leaves with room temperature water.
2. Pebble tray: Place the pot on a tray filled with pebbles and water, ensuring the pot isn’t sitting directly in the water.
3. Humidifier: Use a room humidifier near the plant.
4. Grouping: Place several plants together to create a microclimate with higher humidity.
5. Bathroom or kitchen placement: These rooms naturally have higher humidity levels.
To decrease humidity (rarely necessary for Peace Lilies):
1. Improve air circulation with a fan.
2. Move the plant to a less humid room.
3. Use a dehumidifier if the environment is excessively humid.
Symptoms of low humidity stress:
– Brown, crispy leaf edges or tips
– Curling leaves
– Increased susceptibility to spider mites
Symptoms of excessively high humidity (rare):
– Mold or mildew on leaves or soil surface
– Soft, mushy growth
– Increased risk of fungal diseases
Among the suggested methods, using a humidifier is often the most effective and consistent way to maintain ideal humidity levels for Peace Lilies. Pebble trays and misting can also be beneficial, but require more frequent attention. Regular misting can help clean the leaves and increase humidity temporarily, but its effects are short-lived compared to other methods.
Propagation
Peace Lilies can be propagated through division, which is the most reliable method. Here’s a detailed step-by-step guide:
1. Timing: Best done in spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.
2. Preparation:
– Water the plant thoroughly a day before division.
– Sanitize your tools (sharp knife or scissors) with rubbing alcohol.
– Prepare pots with fresh, well-draining potting mix.
3. Remove from pot:
– Gently remove the plant from its pot.
– Shake off excess soil to expose the root system.
4. Division:
– Identify natural divisions in the root ball.
– Gently separate the clumps, ensuring each division has several healthy leaves and roots.
– For larger plants, you may need to cut through the root ball with a clean, sharp knife.
5. Planting:
– Plant each division in a pot filled with fresh potting mix.
– Ensure the crown (where leaves meet roots) is at soil level.
– Firm the soil gently around the roots.
6. Aftercare:
– Water thoroughly and place in a warm, humid spot with indirect light.
– Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged.
– Mist the leaves regularly to maintain humidity.
7. Establishment:
– New growth should appear within 4-6 weeks.
– Once established (usually after 2-3 months), treat as a mature plant.
Success rate: Division has a high success rate, typically 80-90% if done correctly.
Best time to propagate: Spring or early summer, when the plant is entering its active growth phase.
Establishment time: 2-3 months for the new plants to establish fully.
Alternative method: While less common, Peace Lilies can also be propagated from seeds. However, this method is rarely used as it’s more time-consuming and less reliable than division.
Note: Peace Lilies cannot be propagated from leaf or stem cuttings like some other houseplants.
Potting
Peace Lilies benefit from proper potting and occasional repotting to maintain their health and encourage growth. Here are the key considerations:
Pot type:
– Use a pot with drainage holes to prevent water accumulation.
– Plastic or glazed ceramic pots work well as they retain moisture.
– The pot should be 1-2 inches larger in diameter than the root ball.
Soil composition:
– Use a well-draining, rich potting mix.
– A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and regular potting soil in equal parts works well.
– Alternatively, use a commercial potting mix designed for tropical plants.
Repotting frequency:
– Young, fast-growing plants: Every 12-18 months.
– Mature plants: Every 2-3 years or when root-bound.
Signs that indicate repotting is needed:
– Roots growing through drainage holes.
– Plant drying out quickly between waterings.
– Stunted growth despite proper care.
– Plant lifting out of the pot due to dense root growth.
Repotting process:
1. Water the plant thoroughly a day before repotting.
2. Gently remove the plant from its current pot.
3. Inspect roots and trim any that are dead, damaged, or excessively long.
4. Place fresh potting mix in the new pot.
5. Position the plant in the new pot, ensuring it’s at the same depth as before.
6. Fill around the roots with fresh potting mix, firming gently.
7. Water thoroughly and place in a shaded area for a few days to recover.
Root pruning:
– If the root ball is very dense, you can prune up to 1/3 of the roots.
– Use clean, sharp scissors to make clean cuts.
– This encourages new root growth and can help rejuvenate the plant.
Transitioning to a new pot:
– Avoid fertilizing for about a month after repotting to prevent stress.
– Maintain slightly higher humidity if possible to help the plant adjust.
– Be patient, as the plant may show signs of stress (drooping leaves) for a few weeks after repotting.
By following these guidelines, you can ensure your Peace Lily remains healthy and continues to thrive in its new home.
Pruning
Pruning Peace Lilies
Pruning is an important aspect of Peace Lily care, helping to maintain the plant’s appearance and health. Here’s a comprehensive guide to pruning your Peace Lily:
Best Time for Pruning
Peace Lilies can be pruned at any time of the year, but it’s best to do major pruning in late winter or early spring, just before the active growing season begins.
Frequency
Regular, light pruning can be done as needed throughout the year. More extensive pruning should be done annually or bi-annually, depending on the plant’s growth rate and condition.
Purpose of Pruning
- Remove dead, yellowing, or damaged leaves
- Control plant size and shape
- Encourage bushier growth
- Remove spent flowers
- Improve air circulation within the plant
Tools Needed
- Clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears
- Rubbing alcohol for sterilizing tools
- Gloves (optional, for those with sensitive skin)
Step-by-Step Pruning Guide
- Sterilize your pruning tools with rubbing alcohol to prevent the spread of disease.
- Identify leaves and stems that need to be removed (yellowing, damaged, or dead).
- Cut leaves at the base where they emerge from the soil or main stem. Make the cut at a 45-degree angle to prevent water from pooling on the cut surface.
- For spent flowers, cut the entire flower stalk off at the base.
- To control size, cut back the longest leaves, making sure not to remove more than 1/3 of the plant’s foliage at once.
- To encourage bushier growth, pinch off the growing tips of stems.
- After pruning, water the plant lightly and place it in a location with indirect light.
Aftercare
After pruning, monitor the plant closely for a few weeks. Reduce watering slightly as the plant will need less water with reduced foliage. Avoid fertilizing for about a month after major pruning to prevent stress on the plant.
Special Considerations
- Always use clean, sharp tools to make clean cuts and minimize damage to the plant.
- Be cautious not to remove too much foliage at once, as this can stress the plant.
- If you’re removing a large amount of foliage, consider doing it in stages over several weeks.
- Remember that Peace Lilies contain calcium oxalate crystals, which can cause skin irritation. Wear gloves if you have sensitive skin.
By following these pruning guidelines, you can help maintain a healthy, attractive Peace Lily that will continue to thrive and beautify your space.
Blooming
Peace Lilies typically bloom in spring and early summer, with flowers lasting for several weeks to months. They may also bloom sporadically throughout the year under optimal conditions. The flowers are actually modified leaves called spathes, which are large, white, and hood-like, surrounding a central spadix containing the true tiny flowers. Bright, indirect light and proper care can encourage more frequent blooming.
Pests and Diseases
Pests
Common issues
Spider Mites, Tiny specks on leaves, fine webbing between leaves, yellowing or bronzing of foliage, Increase humidity, spray leaves with water, use insecticidal soap or neem oil
Mealybugs, White, cottony masses on leaves and stems, Remove with cotton swab dipped in alcohol, use insecticidal soap or neem oil
Scale Insects, Small, brown, shell-like bumps on stems and leaves, Scrape off with soft brush, apply horticultural oil or neem oil
Diseases
Common issues
Root Rot, Yellowing leaves, wilting despite moist soil, brown and mushy roots, Remove affected roots, repot in fresh, well-draining soil, reduce watering
Leaf Spot, Brown or black spots on leaves, Remove affected leaves, improve air circulation, avoid overhead watering
Powdery Mildew, White, powdery coating on leaves, Improve air circulation, reduce humidity, apply fungicide if severe
Special Features
Peace Lilies are renowned for their air-purifying abilities, effectively removing common indoor pollutants such as benzene, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene. Their elegant white flowers, which are actually modified leaves called spathes, provide a striking contrast to the deep green foliage, making them a popular choice for both home and office decor. Additionally, these plants are known for their resilience and ability to thrive in low-light conditions, making them ideal for spaces with limited natural light.
Plant Benefits
Peace Lilies are not typically used for herbal or pharmaceutical purposes. However, they offer significant benefits as air purifiers, effectively removing indoor air pollutants such as benzene, formaldehyde, and trichloroethylene. This air-cleaning ability can contribute to a healthier indoor environment, potentially reducing symptoms associated with poor air quality such as headaches, eye irritation, and respiratory issues. Additionally, the presence of plants like Peace Lilies in indoor spaces has been associated with improved mood, reduced stress levels, and increased productivity.
Additional Information
Peace Lilies are often given as sympathy gifts or used in funeral arrangements due to their name and elegant appearance. In some cultures, they symbolize peace, purity, and rebirth. Despite their name, Peace Lilies are not true lilies and belong to the Araceae family, which includes other popular houseplants like Pothos and Philodendron.
Life Cycle
Peace Lilies are perennial plants that can live for many years with proper care. Their life cycle begins from seeds or, more commonly in cultivation, from division of mature plants. Young plants grow relatively quickly, producing new leaves regularly. As they mature, growth slows but they begin to produce flowers, typically starting when the plant has about a dozen leaves. Peace Lilies do not have a dormant period and can grow year-round, although growth may slow in winter. They typically reach maturity in 3-5 years, after which they can be divided to propagate new plants. With good care, a Peace Lily can live and thrive for decades, continually producing new growth and flowers.
Are Peace Lily Poisonous, Toxic
Peace Lilies are toxic to cats, dogs, and humans if ingested. The toxic compounds are calcium oxalate crystals, which are present in all parts of the plant. If consumed, these crystals can cause irritation and burning of the mouth, tongue, and throat, difficulty swallowing, excessive drooling, and vomiting. In severe cases, it can lead to swelling of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. While rarely fatal, ingestion can be very uncomfortable and potentially dangerous, especially for small pets and children. If ingestion occurs, rinse the mouth with cool water and seek immediate medical or veterinary attention. To prevent toxicity, keep the plant out of reach of pets and children, and consider placing it in a hanging basket or on a high shelf.
Frequently Asked Questions
-
How often should I water my Peace Lily?
- Water your Peace Lily when the top inch of soil feels dry. Typically, this is about once a week, but it can vary depending on environmental conditions.
-
Is Peace Lily toxic to pets?
- Yes, Peace Lilies are toxic to cats and dogs if ingested. They contain calcium oxalate crystals which can cause irritation and swelling in the mouth and digestive tract.
-
Why are the leaves on my Peace Lily turning yellow?
- Yellowing leaves can be caused by overwatering, underwatering, too much direct sunlight, or nutrient deficiencies. Check your watering habits and light conditions first.
-
How much light does a Peace Lily need?
- Peace Lilies prefer bright, indirect light but can tolerate low light conditions. Avoid direct sunlight as it can scorch the leaves.
-
How often should I fertilize my Peace Lily?
- Fertilize your Peace Lily every 6-8 weeks during the growing season (spring and summer) with a balanced, water-soluble houseplant fertilizer diluted to half strength.
-
Why isn’t my Peace Lily flowering?
- Peace Lilies need adequate light to flower. If your plant isn’t blooming, try moving it to a brighter location (but still out of direct sunlight). Also, make sure it’s getting proper care in terms of watering and fertilization.
-
How do I propagate a Peace Lily?
- Peace Lilies are best propagated by division. Carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently separate the root ball into smaller sections, each with several leaves and roots. Repot these divisions in fresh soil.
-
Why are the tips of my Peace Lily’s leaves turning brown?
- Brown leaf tips can be caused by low humidity, overfeeding, or sensitivity to fluoride and chlorine in tap water. Try increasing humidity, reducing fertilizer, and using filtered or distilled water.
-
How often should I repot my Peace Lily?
- Peace Lilies typically need repotting every 1-2 years, or when they become root-bound. Choose a pot that’s 1-2 inches larger in diameter than the current one.
-
Can Peace Lilies grow in water?
- While Peace Lilies can survive in water for short periods, they are not aquatic plants and prefer to grow in soil. Long-term growth in water can lead to nutrient deficiencies and other issues.
Can I grow Peace Lily indoors
Difficulty
Easy
Size
Medium
Light
Medium
Water
Medium
Flowering
Yes
Pet Safe
No
Air Purifier
High
Spathiphyllum botanical details
Common Name
Peace Lily
Other Common Names
Spath, White Sail Plant, Closet Plant
Botanical Name
Spathiphyllum
Native Area
Tropical regions of the Americas and southeastern Asia
Family Name
Araceae
Plant Type
Perennial
Genus
Spathiphyllum
Kingdom
Plantae
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Why did the Peace Lily get a job as a mediator? Because it always knew how to bring peace to any room!